Kutchuka kwa matumba opangidwa ndi nsalu

Makasitomala ambiri kudzera pa tsamba lathu lawebusayiti amapereka upangiri pafoni pa kutchuka kwa mitundu ya matumba oluka, kenako lero DongLai nsalu yoluka thumba Xiaobian kuti afotokoze kutchuka kwa mitundu ya matumba oluka.

Mitundu ya matumba oluka

Matumba opangidwa ndi nsalu amatchedwanso matumba a chikopa cha njoka. Ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka polongedza. Zipangizo zopangira nthawi zambiri zimakhala polyethylene, polypropylene ndi zipangizo zina zopangira pulasitiki. Nayi njira yofotokozera mwachidule mtundu wa thumba lopangidwa ndi nsalu komanso momwe limagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Polyethylene ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangidwa kuchokera kumayiko ena, polypropylene ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zapakhomo. Ndi utomoni wa thermoplastic wopangidwa ndi polymerization ya ethylene. Mu mafakitale, imaphatikizaponso ma copolymer a ethylene okhala ndi α-olefin yaying'ono. Polyethylene ndi yopanda fungo, si poizoni, ndi sera, imakhala ndi kukana kutentha kochepa (kutentha kocheperako kogwira ntchito mpaka -70 ~ -100 ℃), kukhazikika bwino kwa mankhwala, kukana dzimbiri kwa asidi ndi alkali (kukana asidi, okosijeni), kusasungunuka mu zosungunulira zonse kutentha kwa chipinda, kuyamwa madzi pang'ono, kugwira ntchito bwino kwamagetsi; Komabe, polyethylene imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe (mankhwala ndi zotsatira za makina) ndipo imakhala yolimba kukana kutentha. Katundu wa polyethylene amasiyana kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka kutengera kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu ndi kuchuluka kwake. Njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira zimatha kupereka kuchulukana kosiyanasiyana (0.91-0.96g/cm3). Polyethylene imatha kukonzedwa mofanana ndi momwe mapulasitiki wamba a thermoplastic amaumbidwira (onani pulasitiki). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafilimu, makontena, mapaipi, waya umodzi, waya ndi chingwe, zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zina zotero. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu zotetezera ma TV, radar, ndi zina zotero. Ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale a petrochemical, kupanga polyethylene kwakula mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a pulasitiki yonse. Mu 1983, mphamvu yonse yopangira polyethylene padziko lonse lapansi inali matani 24.65, ndipo chomera chomwe chinali kumangidwa chinali ndi mphamvu ya matani 3.16.

Polypropylene (PP)

Utomoni wa thermoplastic wopangidwa ndi polymerization ya propylene. Pali mitundu itatu ya ma configurations, omwe ndi isotopic kwathunthu, atactic ndi indirect. Zogulitsa zamafakitale zimapangidwa makamaka ndi ma isotopic structures. Polypropylene imaphatikizaponso copolymer ya propylene ndi ethylene yochepa. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yowala, yopanda utoto, yopanda fungo komanso yopanda poizoni. Chifukwa cha malamulo a kapangidwe kake, imakhala ndi crystallinity yambiri, malo osungunuka mpaka 167 ℃, komanso yokana kutentha. Ndi kachulukidwe ka 0.90g/cm3, ndi pulasitiki yopepuka kwambiri. Kukana dzimbiri, mphamvu yokoka 30MPa, mphamvu, kuuma ndi kuwonekera bwino ndikwabwino kuposa polyethylene. Choyipa chake ndichakuti kukana kutentha kochepa ndi kosauka, kosavuta kukalamba, koma kumatha kusinthidwa ndikuwonjezedwa antioxidant kuti igonjetsedwe.

Mtundu wa thumba lolukidwa ndi woyera kapena wosakhala woyera kwenikweni, siwopsereza komanso wopanda kukoma, koma kuvulaza thupi la munthu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa. Ngakhale kuti limapangidwa ndi mapulasitiki osiyanasiyana a mankhwala, koma limateteza chilengedwe mwamphamvu, limakhala ndi mphamvu yobwezeretsanso zinthu;

Chikwama cholukidwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, makamaka polongedza katundu wosiyanasiyana, komanso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale;

Chikwama chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki chokhala ndi polypropylene resin ngati chinthu chachikulu chopangira zinthu, chimatambasulidwa ndikufalikira kukhala ulusi wathyathyathya, kenako nkuchiluka kukhala thumba.

Chikwama chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki chopangidwa ndi nsalu yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ngati maziko ake, kudzera mu chopangira madzi.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito polongedza ufa kapena zinthu zolimba zopyapyala komanso zinthu zosinthasintha. Chikwama cholukidwa cha pulasitiki chopangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri m'thumba limodzi ndi atatu m'thumba limodzi malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ka zinthuzo.

Malinga ndi njira yosokera, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo awiri: thumba losokera pansi, thumba lakusokera la m'mbali, thumba lolowetsa ndi thumba losokera lokutidwa ndi guluu.

Kutengera ndi kukula kwa thumba, lingagawidwe m'magulu 450, 500, 550, 600, 650 ndi 700 mm. Mafotokozedwe apadera ayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi onse awiri.

Pamwambapa pali kutchuka kwa zodzoladzola zazing'ono pamitundu yonse ya kumalizidwa kwa thumba lolukidwa, kudzera mu kugawana zomwe zili, mpaka kufalikira kwa mitundu ya thumba lolukidwa. Ngati mukufuna kupita mozama mu thumba la chidziwitso cha msika, mutha kulumikizana ndi wogulitsa mu kampani yathu, kapena kufufuza za thumba lolukidwa nthawi yomweyo, kulumikizana kwathu kukufotokozedwa mu pepalali.